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75 years of peacekeeping

Watch, read, share and explore to recognize and remember the more than 125,000 Canadian Armed Forces members have served in international peacekeeping efforts.

Lieutenant (N) Gerry White

Retired Naval Officer and Former RCMP member Gerry White served with the UN in Cambodia after the Khmer Rouge killed 1.5 million citizens. What he witnessed still haunts him but he takes solace in the fact he was able to bring some comfort and joy to children left destitute by years of war.

Dartmouth, Nova Scotia

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Cambodia
Gerry White

Joined

On his 19th birthday May 29, 1974 in Corner Brook, Newfoundland

Postings

  • Regina, Saskatchewan
  • Holyrood, Nfld
  • Glovertown, Nfld
  • Placentia, Nfld
  • Victoria, B.C.
  • Quebec City, Quebec
  • Canadian Forces Station Shelburne, N.S.

Deployments

  • HMCS Saskatchewan
  • HMCS Kootenay
  • Cornwallis CF Company Commander
  • HMCS Ottawa
  • CF Halifax combat training
  • HMCS Protecteur Combat Officer
  • HMCS Margaree Combat Officer
  • Royal 22 Regiment Combat School Quebec City
  • Naval Reserve HQ
  • UN special element
  • Operations Officer CFS Shelburne
  • Naval Operations School Halifax
  • HMCS Halifax
  • Defence Research and Development Atlantic
  • The Baltic
  • Cold War deployment as part of NATO’s Standing Naval Force Atlantic
  • Mediterranean
  • South America
  • Samploy 78
  • Galapagos Islands
  • Machu Picchu

Warning: this content involves graphic subject matter that some may find disturbing. Reader discretion is advised.

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Losing his Dad in a tragic mill accident on Fathers’ Day at age eight, Gerry White’s life was marked by adversity.

Three decades later, White, a former RCMP member, now a Naval Operations Officer, found himself deployed to help restore order in Cambodia. The southeast Asian country was in chaos after 1.5 million citizens were killed by the Khmer Rouge regime.

Most of the children in the country were left orphaned after years of civil war and foreign intervention.

Despite his difficult and dangerous mission to help restore peace and order, White found some solace in easing the children’s suffering.

In 1992, White, then 37, was deployed as an element commander at Ream Naval Base in Kampong-Som in southern Cambodia as part of the largest UN deployment since the Korean War. More than 20,000 military and police personnel from over 40 countries joined this mission. White was among thirty Canadian sailors serving UN naval detachments sent to patrol the Mekong and Tonlé Sap Rivers and The Gulf of Thailand. They were there to seize weapons and ammunition, as well as monitor refugee movements, cease-fire violations and smugglers.

That was their official mission.

But White and his team had a personal mission to bring some comfort and joy to the children growing up in the aftermath of “The Killing Fields,” and set out to do so.

“There were thirty Canadians over there with big hearts – all handpicked – and we all had kids of our own and there is absolutely no difference between my eight-year-old and their eight-year-old—they’re beautiful children, except my kids have everything and they need everything.”

“So you find whatever you can scrounge, you’d give away your own ration pack at the end of the day.”

The children living in villages along the riverbanks with few adults were initially cautious of “the UNTACs” (United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia) in their Russian river patrol boat “Peace in Cambodia” written on its bow. White’s bilingualism helped him communicate with many Cambodians who spoke French after decades of colonial rule.

Not wearing combat fatigues “combats scare kids; we didn’t wear them” and not carrying guns “that’s probably what kept us alive,” White and his team of peacekeepers nosed their boat into riverbanks at the edge of well-worn villagers’ foot paths.

The 200 boxes of toys shipped from Canada helped coax the fearful children out.

And when White played “You are my Sunshine” on his harmonica they slowly came out of the woods around the villages.

Gerry White playing his harmonica.

Gerry White plays his “Big Bertha” harmonica, the same one he played for Cambodian children when he served with the UNTAC in 1992.

Then the peacekeepers “set up shop” – handing out toys (Etch-a-Sketch and Mr. Potato Head were favourites), shampooing little heads with lice shampoo, passing out whatever medicines they could get their hands on, and twisting open cans of corned beef hash “they would add some lemongrass and make a meal of it.”

Weeks later when they sailed past the same villages, the banks were lined with children waving the empty corned beef hash cans shouting “Canada, Canada.”

Being able to help the children who had suffered great loss and sadness like he had as a boy helped White deal with the horrors of war.

“We were deployed to a place called The Killing Fields. Fill in the blanks.”

Many of the mines laid during the Vietnam war were dislodged in the rainy seasons and floated into low laying rice paddies where young children worked picking rice for their families.

The little plastic waterproof landmines settled in the sediment for years. Children working to feed their families lost legs and hands when they dislodged them.

“We dealt with the results of children who had stepped on or picked up mines,” White said, remembering one little girl smiling for pictures with her amputated hand held behind her back.

He says those children still visit him in the night.

“Those things carve themselves into your brain – it goes in and won’t go away.”

The contrast to North American wealth and the poverty Cambodian children faced was stark.

“Our kids are worried about having the latest iPhone or the newest version of sneakers – they just want to be alive at the end of the day when the sun goes down,” he said.

“So you go and you give them a hand.”

For his military career and many volunteer efforts since his retirement, White was inducted into the Order of St. George, a Chivalric Order whose Mission is “to better the health and well-being of members of the Canadian Armed Forces, Veterans and their families.” It is given to those who have done important things for the Commonwealth or foreign nations. He was also commended for his bravery by the Deputy Chief of Defence Vice-Admiral Greg Maddison.

He credits the success of the UNTAC mission on “the finest group of peacekeepers ever assembled.”

White is humble about his military awards and recognitions. He’d rather talk about his family, his love for his wife, singing tenor in Nova Scotia’s Mass Choir, the weekly Veterans’ coffee klatsch he enjoys so much – or the Cambodian children.

“Children restore your faith for the future. They’re the promise of the future.”

With courage, integrity and loyalty, Gerry White is leaving his mark. He is one of our Canadian Armed Forces members. Discover more stories.



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Canada and
international
peacekeeping

Late 1940s-present

Order of events

November 1956

The first United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) is established to respond to the Suez crisis.

July 1960

United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC) begins.

March 1964

The United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus is established.

May 1974

The United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) is established in the Golan Heights between Syria and Israel.

9 August 1974

Nine CAF members die when their plane is shot down in the Middle East.

10 December 1988

The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded to all UN peacekeeping forces.

September 1991

Canadian troops join the multinational peace support effort in the Balkans.

October 1991

Canadian troops join the United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC).

April 1992

United Nations Operations in Somalia (UNOSOM) mission is established.

October 1993

United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) begins.

March 1995

Canadian troops join the United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH).

October 1999

Canadian troops join the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET).

November 2000

Canadian peacekeepers join the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE).

July 2018

Canada begins its participation in United Nations peacekeeping efforts in Mali.

Classroom materials

Classroom materials main page

Lesson plan: Grade 7 to 12

Canadian peacekeepers anthology

Canada has a long history of serving in support of peace efforts around the world. Those in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) have made significant contributions in dozens of peacekeeping efforts.

Service, courage and sacrifice

CAF members defend our country, protect our peace and stand up for security around the world. As part of these efforts, Canadians have deployed overseas to participate in United Nations (UN), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and other multinational peace operations.

Peacekeepers are neutral international troops who are sent to countries in turmoil to help reduce tensions and restore peace. They play vital roles including monitoring ceasefires, patrolling buffer zones, clearing landmines, investigating war crimes, helping refugees and providing humanitarian aid.


Significant dates

International Day of UN Peacekeepers

Every year on 29 May, the UN pays tribute to all of the uniformed and civilian personnel who have supported UN peacekeeping efforts. The date also honours the more than 4,200 peacekeepers from around the world who have lost their lives serving under the UN flag.

National Peacekeepers'
Day

In Canada, a national ceremony is held in Ottawa each year at the Peacekeeping Monument – Reconciliation – on the Sunday closest to August 9. On this date in 1974, nine Canadian Armed Forces members died when their plane was shot down in the Middle East.


Around the world and across generations

More than 125,000 CAF members have served in international peacekeeping efforts in dozens of countries over the decades. Approximately 130 of them have lost their lives and many more have returned home with physical and psychological wounds.

Over 4,000 officers from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and other police forces in Canada have also taken part in these missions. In addition, thousands of Canadian diplomats and civilians have made important contributions to these efforts.

Preventing conflict

Peacekeeping developed following the bloody world wars that killed tens of millions of people in the first half of the 20th century. In their aftermath, members of the international community increasingly looked for ways to prevent future conflicts.

Canada leads the way

Canada played a key role in creating the concept of UN peacekeeping. Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs Lester B. Pearson was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership in helping establish the United Nations Emergency Force in Egypt during the Suez Crisis of 1956. Canada also took part in this large-scale mission that helped prevent a wider war.


Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations

The goal of this international agreement, announced in 2017, is to help increase the meaningful participation of women in UN peace operations.

The Vancouver Principles on peacekeeping and the prevention of the recruitment and use of child soldiers

This international agreement is intended to help protect children from being forced to fight in conflicts by making this issue a priority in peacekeeping operations.

UN peacekeeping operations and missions

Find more information about UN peacekeeping, peacebuilding and conflict prevention activities.


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