Evaluation of the Research and Innovation Program - Summary (Final - December 2025)

Evaluation of the Research and Innovation Program - Summary (Final - December 2025)

Audit and Evaluation Division – Veterans Affairs Canada – December 2025

Evaluation results

Relevance and need

The evaluation confirms a sustained need for Veteran and family-focused health research, particularly in the areas of chronic pain and mental health. Since 2019, program funding has supported more than 100 research projects, reflecting the growing demand for evidence-based insights to enhance awareness and inform clinical practices and policy. Program objectives remain aligned with Government of Canada priorities and the mandate of Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC), and are shaped by the lived experiences of Veterans and families.

The Research and Innovation Program is meeting its core objectives and remains relevant to the needs of Veterans and their families. The evaluation identifies an opportunity to review and clarify the role and mandate of the department in research linked to first responders.

Effectiveness and efficiency

Performance was measured primarily against indicators in the program’s established performance information profile. While information is being captured and reported, inconsistencies exist and performance indicators focus on program reach rather than impact. One program component lacks indicators, limiting the assessment. Two funded centres of excellence (the Chronic Pain Centre of Excellence and the Atlas Institute) have met or exceeded targets for partnerships, knowledge products, and audience reach. Citation rates for research studies are increasing, indicating strong uptake of their work. The final program component, the Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health Research (CIMVHR) is also on pace to meet expectations, as they continue to expand partnerships and their peer-reviewed journal reach grows.

Knowledge mobilization was a recurring theme throughout the evaluation. Although all program sub-components emphasize dissemination, there is no centralized repository or formal mechanism to ensure research flows to VAC. This reduces the potential for research to inform VAC policy and program development improvement.

Program funds are spent with minimal lapse. However, sustainability risks exist. Centres of excellence rely solely on VAC for funding, and fixed annual contributions lose value over time. These factors may constrain organizations’ ability to meet objectives and/or adapt in the future. VAC’s role as sole funder for the centres of excellence ensures alignment with VAC’s mandate but presents risks and limitations. The evaluation was not able to assess VAC’s administrative costs for all program components individually. Overall, program expenditures account for less than half a percent of total departmental program expenditures.

Funding provided through contribution agreements to organizations is supporting capacity building in the Veteran and family-related health research field. Strengthening indicators, establishing mechanisms for knowledge sharing, and addressing funding and resource risks will position the program to better achieve its intended outcomes and maintain alignment with federal priorities.

RecommendationManagement response and action plan

Recommendation #1:

The Assistant Deputy Minister Strategic Policy, Planning and Performance and the Assistant Deputy Minister of Service Delivery review and update the current Research and Innovation Program Performance Information Profiles to: (a) develop and implement performance indicators to measure success of the Joint Federal Research Funding Program; and (b) enhance conciseness and consistency of performance measures and methodologies across the program sub-components.

Management agrees with this recommendation.

The Director General, Policy and Research Division will work in collaboration with the Director General, Strategic Planning, Results and Cabinet Business to develop and implement performance indicators to measure success of the Joint Federal Research Funding Program.

The Director General, Health Professionals Division; Director General, Policy and Research Division; and Director General, Strategic Planning, Results and Cabinet Business will work in collaboration to propose, where appropriate, opportunities to enhance conciseness and consistency of performance measures and methodologies across the Research and Innovation Program, including sub-components.

Recommendation #2:

The Assistant Deputy Minister Strategic Policy, Planning and Performance develop a departmental knowledge mobilization plan, including how externally funded research is funneled back into VAC to support program management and policy development.

Management agrees with this recommendation.

The Director General, Policy and Research Division will lead development of a plan, in collaboration with OPI’s across the Department, including Communications and Service Delivery, and with our partners in the Research and Innovation Program (i.e,. Atlas, CPCoE, and CIMVHR). The plan will included developing a research/policy/service delivery continuum model, establishing governance, defining roles and responsibilities, and developing an impact model to demonstrate how externally funded research supports VAC policy development, program management, service delivery, and associated results.

Program description

  • The Research and Innovation Program supports Veteran and family-related health and well-being through evidence-based research and knowledge mobilization efforts.
  • Established in April 2019, the Program has its origins in a 2015 commitment to expand the evidence base on Veterans’ health needs, including establishing two centres of excellence.
  • To support the program, grant and contribution funding is provided through multi-year contribution agreements to three external arms-length organizations – the Atlas Institute, the Chronic Pain Centre of Excellence, and CIMVHR.
  • A fourth component, the Joint Federal Research Funding Program for Military Personnel and Veterans (JFRFP) aims to enhance the well-being of CAF members, Veterans, and their families by supporting Canadian research. It is delivered in partnership with the Canadian Forces Health Services Group (CFHS), Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) and CIMHVR.
  • Total expenditures for the Research and Innovation Program were approximately $25.5 million in 2024-25.
  • Program management of the Research and Innovation Program is shared between VAC’s Research Directorate and the VAC’s Health Professionals Directorate.

About the evaluation

Scope and Methodology

  • Conducted in accordance with the Treasury Board of Canada’s 2016 Policy on Results and VAC’s 2024-25 to 2028-29 Departmental Evaluation Plan.
  • Conducted between September 2024 and September 2025.
  • Objective was to assess program relevance, while consider opportunities to improve program effectiveness and efficiency.
  • Covers the time frame from April 2019 to March 2025, incorporating more recent information where possible.
  • Used multiple lines of evidence including document review, data analysis, observation, and key informant interviews.
  • Examined program components delivered through multiple funding agreements implemented between 2019 and 2023.

Constraints and Limitations

  • VAC’s level of contribution and program component implementation timelines vary, influencing the depth of analysis across components. The level of analysis throughout the evaluation reflects these variances.
  • Research results take time and may not yet be contributing to intermediate or ultimate outcomes; when data was unavailable, the evaluation assessed whether measures were in place to guide future measurements.
  • As part of the funding agreements with external organizations, third-party reviews must occur. At the time of the evaluation, only the CIMVHR review had been completed. Its findings were taken into consideration.
  • The department’s internal Research Directorate and its activities were out of scope of the evaluation as they are not included within the program.

Evaluation report