New Brunswick

Fort Howe was a British fort built during the American Revolution after the American Siege in 1777 to help fortify and protect the city. The fort held eight cannons, barracks for 100 people, blockhouses and protective walls.

In the fall of 1777, Brigade Major Gilfred Studholme arrived in Saint John harbour with a detachment of soldiers tasked to secure the area. They brought with them a prefabricated blockhouse and four 6-pounder canons. Studholme opted not to build on the site of Fort Frederick, but on the high ground behind the site of Fort La Tour, which gave complete command of the inner harbour. He named it Fort Howe, after Lieutenant-General Sir William Howe, the Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in North America between 1775-1778. Although fire destroyed the fort in 1819 and much of its property was sold at public auction in 1823, the site played a part in the defence of Saint John until the Second World War.

On 30 March 1914, the fort became the first historic site in the National Parks system.

The Carleton Martello Tower was built during the war of 1812 to guard the land approaches to the city but was not completed until after the war. It was modified in order to be used as a powder magazine from 1859 to 1866 by the New Brunswick Regiment of Garrison Artillery. From 1866 to 1869 the tower was used as barracks. It was not used again until the First World War when it was used as a detention centre for deserters of the 69th Battalion from November 1915 until April 1916. At the beginning of the Second World War the tower was used as an anti-aircraft position by the Eighth Anti-Aircraft Battery. In August 1941 the tower was used as a Fire Command Post until August 1944. When originally built the tower was a round masonry structure, 30 feet high and 50 feet in diameter. In 1846 a bomb-proof magazine was built inside the tower. The only major architectural change to the tower was the addition of a concrete fire command post built on top of the tower. The roof was added to the tower between 1866 and 1868 but it was replaced in 1876. The opening in the roof served as a gun port. The New Brunswick Museum operated the tower for many years under a contract with Parks Canada. The exhibits concentrated on the barracks life of a soldier during the War of 1812 and featured the 104th New Brunswick Regiment. The sentries of the 104th Regiment were a popular attraction for the tourists. The tower was designated as a National Historic Park in the 1980’s. The powder magazine and the barracks were restored. The top two levels contain displays on the Second World War.

This memorial is dedicated to all the members of the Carleton and York Regiment who served in the Second World War. It was erected in 1994 by the Carleton and York Regimental Association. Carleton and York Regiment Story The Regiment mobilized on September 1, 1939. It embarked for the United Kingdom on December 9, 1939. On July 10, 1943, it landed in Italy as part of the 1st Canadian Infantry Division. The Regiment was moved to North-West Europe in March of 1945. The "2nd Canadian Infantry Battalion (Carleton and York Regiment)" mobilized on June 1, 1945, for service with the Canadian Army Pacific Force, but Japan surrendered before the force could be sent into action. Battle Honours: Landing in Sicily, Landing at Reggio, Point 59, Hitler Line, Naviglio Canal, Italy 1943-1945, North-West Europe 1945.

This memorial was erected by Royal Canadian Legion Branch No. 92 on the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Royal Canadian Legion in 1976. It is dedicated to the memory of the war dead of the two World Wars and the Korean War.

The Jervis Bay was a 1922 vintage passenger liner of 14,000 tons employed mainly in the United Kingdom - Australia run. When the Second World War broke out, it was converted into an Armed Merchant Cruiser with seven out-of-date 6 inch guns. In the autumn of 1940, it was in refit in the Saint John drydock. Before the refit was complete, duty called HMS Jervis Bay to Halifax. Some of the dock-workers sailed with her to Halifax to continue maintenance work.

In Halifax, HMS Jervis Bay was tasked to escort Convoy HX84 of 38 ships to England. On November 5, 1940, south of Greenland, the convoy encountered the German pocket battleship Admiral Sheer, armed with 11 inch guns. HMS Jervis Bay sprang to the attack and was sunk with the loss of 198 men out of the crew of some 250. The three hour battle provided a sufficient delay to permit the majority of merchant ships to scatter for safety. This action earned Commander (Acting Captain) Edward Stephen Fogarty Fegen the Victoria Cross.

This memorial was erected by the Royal Canadian Legion Branch No. 53 and dedicated to the crew of HMS Jervis Bay. The legion has a display of memorabilia from the ship, including a white ensign, clock, crockery and pictures. The legion also helped develop the Jervis Bay - Ross Memorial Park on Lock Lomond Road, where there is an attractive bronze plaque.

This memorial was erected by William Hebert, Ronald Delaney, local general contractors assisted by Randy Beckwith. Unveiled on September 2, 1947, this memorial was dedicated to the seven local men killed in action in World War II and to those who gave their lives in World War I.

The monument is a 147 foot long grey granite stone and mortar memorial wall divided at the centre by two eight foot stone entry pillars, which are four feet square on either side of a ten foot driveway spanned by an archway. The wall is thirty inches high and thirty inches wide. The arch includes, from one end to the other, the words "MEMORIAL PARK" in red. At the time it was built, it was the second longest memorial wall in New Brunswick.

This memorial park was dedicated on 25 September 1994 after 50 years of effort to convert the land given by the late Reverend James D. Ross into a public space.

This memorial to the war dead of the First and Second World Wars and the Korean War was erected on behalf of Royal Canadian Legion Branch No. 53. The cross of sacrifice contains the image of a crusader's sword. Around the base of the memorial are plaques providing details on local Veterans who have passed away. Dates for Afghanistan were added later.

This memorial was presented to Royal Canadian Legion Branch No. 53 on 8 May 1995 by the city of Saint John in recognition for its work establishing the Jervis Bay - Ross Memorial Park.

This field gun, a 5.5-inch howitzer, was of the type used by The Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery during its campaigns in Italy and North-West Europe. This memorial is dedicated to the artillery regiments of Canada.

5.5 inch Guns/Howitzers: The medium gun adopted by the British Armies in the Second World War, was originally ordered in 1937 as a 5 inch gun/howitzer, to fire a 78 pound shell to 18,000 yards. Early in 1939 it was altered to 5.5 inch, with a 100 pound projectile, to increase shell effect. In 1943 a lighter shell weighing 82 pounds was introduced. The gun was a multi-range, breach-loading weapon. With charge four, it fired high explosive projectiles along a relatively flat trajectory at a muzzle velocity of approximately 1,675 feet per second. The weight in action of the Mark III gun was 12,850 pounds. The carriage, which could also mount the 4.5 inch gun, was of split-trail type, furnishing a four point support for stability and permitting a 30 degree traverse without disturbing the trail legs. Maximum range of the 5.5 gun was 16,000 yards with the 100.16 projectile, and 18,200 yards with the 82.16 projectile. The gun was issued to Canadian AGRA in 1942-1943 in Petsworth, England; first rounds were fired at Larkhill. The guns were used by Canadian Medium Regiments both in France and Italy.